ÑÔÇéÕ¾-ÑÔÇéС˵վ
С˵վÊ×Ò³
×î½ü¸üÐÂ
µã»÷ÅÅÐаñ
ÍƼöÅÅÐаñ
ÊÕ²ØÅÅÐаñ
×ÖÊýÅÅÐаñ
È«±¾Ð¡Ëµ
[
]
×ܲôóÈË£¬100·Ö³è£¡
[
¹Å´úÑÔÇé
]
Ç×±øÊÇÅ®ÍÞ£º¹Õ¸ö½«¾ü×ö·ò¾ý
[
]
ͨÁéÉÙÅ®£ºÑýÄõÀϹ«ÉÏÎÒÉí
[
]
¿ì´©£ºÅÚ»ÒÅ®ÅäÄæÏ®
[
¶¼ÊÐÑÔÇé
]
1ºÅ¾ü³è£ºÊ׳¤£¬ºÃÉúÃÍ£¡
[
¶¼ÊÐÑÔÇé
]
ÖØÉú°ËÁãÄ꣺±øÍõµÄÒìÄÜϱ¸¾
[
]
ÃÈϵСÌðÆÞ£ºµÛÉÙ£¬ÍæÐÄÌø
[
¶¼ÊÐÑÔÇé
]
ÖØÉú¿Õ¼ä£ºÊ׳¤µÄ¾üҽϱ¸¾
ÃÀÂþÖ®µÀÃÅÐÞÊ¿
ÑÔÇéС˵վÊ×Ò³
>
>
ÃÀÂþÖ®µÀÃÅÐÞÊ¿
>
Ŀ¼
Õ½ÚĿ¼ µÚ1831Õ ·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×(µÚ1Ò³/¹²2Ò³)
ÎÄ /
Ì«ÇåÑýµÀ
ÑÔ|Çé|С|˵|°É
Ïà±ÈÓÚ±»Ãð°ÔÖØÖØ»÷ÖеÄÍжûºÍ¿¨ÂÞ¶û
ËäȻ˹ÌØÀ¼Ææ±»Ãð°ÔÔ̲Ø×ÅÏÖʵ±¦Ê¯ÄÜÁ¿µÄÎÞÏÞÈÌ׺ݺݵĻ÷ÖÐ
µ«ÊDZðÍüÁË
ËûµÄÊÖÉÏÒ²ÓÐÓÀºãÉñǹºÍÏÖʵ±¦Ê¯
´ÓÕâ·½Ãæ½²
ËûÊÇË¿ºÁ²»Ñ·É«ÓÚÃð°ÔµÄ
¶ø˹ÌØÀ¼ÆæÕæÕý±ÈÃð°Ô²îµÄ
ÊÇË«·½Ö®¼äµÄ¸ù±¾ÊµÁ¦
Ãð°Ô±Ï¾¹ÊÇÌ츸¼¶µÄÇ¿Õß
˹ÌØÀ¼Æ澡¹ÜÓÐʱ¼ä±¦Ê¯À´¼ÓËÙËû×Ô¼ºµÄÐÞÁ¶Ê±¼ä
ÄÄÅÂËü¿ÉÒÔÎÞÏÞ½Ó½üÁèÏöºÍÍжûµÄʵÁ¦
µ«ÊÇËû×ÔÉíµÄħ·¨ÄÜÁ¿ºËÐIJ¢Ã»ÓкÍÓîÖæµÄʱ¼ä·¨Ôò½áºÏÔÚÒ»Æð
û·¨Ì¤¹ýÄÇÒ»µÀÃż÷
ÎÞ·¨³ÉΪÌ츸¼¶µÄÇ¿Õß
¾ÍÓÀÔ¶²»¿ÉÄÜÊÇÃð°ÔµÄ¶ÔÊÖ
²»¹ý»¹ºÃ
˹ÌØÀ¼ÆæÔç¾ÍÔ¤Áϵ½ÁË×Ô¼ºÕâÒ»´Î¹¥»÷µÄ½á¹û
¾¡¹ÜËû¶¯ÓÃÁË×Ô¼ºÈ«²¿µÄÁ¦Á¿È¥¹¥»÷Ãð°Ô
µ«Ò²ÁôÏÂÁË×ã¹»µÄºóÊÖ
ËûµÄħ·¨Åû·çÔç¾ÍÒѾ˳ÊÆ°ï˹ÌØÀ¼ÆæµÖÏûÁËÃð°ÔµÄÒ»²¿·Ö¹¥»÷Á¦
ÔÙ¼ÓÉÏËûһЩÆäËûµÄħ·¨
¾¡¹Ü±»Ãð°ÔµÄÁ¦Á¿ÕðµÃÎåÔàÁù¸¶¼²»Óɵö¯µ´ÁËÆðÀ´
»¹ÊÇ»¹ºÃ
Ëû²¢Ã»ÓÐÒò´Ë¶øÊÜÉË
ÔÚÕûÌåµÄ¹¥»÷ÐòÁе±ÖÐ
˹ÌØÀ¼ÆæÊÇ´¦ÔÚ×îÇ°µÄ
Ö÷ÒªµÄÔÒòÊÇËûÒª¶Ô¸¶Ãð°ÔÎÞÏÞÊÖÌ×ÉϵÄÏÖʵ±¦Ê¯µÄÄÜÁ¦
±ÜÃâ´ó¼Ò±»ÍÏÈëÏÖʵ±¦Ê¯µÄ¼ÙÏó»Ã¾³µ±ÖÐ
ÈúóÐøµÄ¹¥»÷Äܹ»·Ç³£Ë³ÀûµÄÕ¹¿ª
ÆðÂëÔÚÍжûºÍ¿¨ÂÞ¶û¹¥»÷Ãð°ÔµÄʱºò
ÒòΪʱ¼ä±¦Ê¯µÄÄÜÁ¦Ó°Ïì
ÏÖʵ±¦Ê¯¸ù±¾À´²»¼°¹¥»÷ËûÃÇÁ½¸öÈË
¶øÔÚÄǸöʱºò±»Ãð°ÔÈ«Á¦»÷Í˵Ä˹ÌØÀ¼Ææ
Õû¸öÈËÒѾ±»Å×·ÉÁ˳öÈ¥
ËüµÄÁ½²à·Ö±ðÊÇ˹ÌØÀ¼ÆæºÍ¿¨ÂÞ¶û
¶øÔÚËûµÄÉíºóÔòÊÇÉí´©×Å·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×µÄ²¼Â³Ë¹¡¤°àÄÉ
Èç¹ûʲô¶¼²»×ö
˹ÌØÀ¼ÆæÒ»¶¨»áÖØÖصÄײµ½²¼Â³Ë¹¡¤°àÄɵÄÉíÉÏ
µ«ÊÇ»¹ºÃ
ÔÚÕâ¸öʱºò
Ëû×Ô¼ºµÄħ·¨Åû·ç½«ËûÕû¸öÈËÍÏÏòÁË°ë¿ÕÖÐ
´Ó¶ø±ÜÃâºÍ·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×ײһÆð
¶ø¾ÍÔÚÕâ¸öʱºò
ÍжûºÍ¿¨ÂÞ¶ûÒѾ±»Ãð°ÔÒ»µ¶Åü·ÉÁ˳öÈ¥
Ãæ¶ÔÕýÃæ³å»÷¹ýÀ´µÄ·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×
Ãð°Ô×óÊÖµÄÎÞÏÞÈÌ×ÒѾ̧ÁËÆðÀ´
ÏÂÒ»¿ÌËû¾Í×¼±¸¶¯ÓÃÏÖʵ±¦Ê¯µÄÄÜÁ¦
½«·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×¸ø±äû
È»¶ø¾ÍÔÚÕâ¸öʱºò
Ò»¸ùÐɺìÉ«µÄ³¤ÉþͻȻ´Ó·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×µÄÉíºó·ÉÁ˳öÀ´
Ö±½Ó¾ÍÌ×ÏòÁËÃð°ÔµÄ×óÊÖ
ÔÚÕâһ˲¼ä
Ãð°ÔµÄÁ³É«ÖèȻһ±ä
¾¡¹ÜÒþ²ØµÄºÜºÃ
µ«ÊÇÃð°ÔÈ´´ÓÐɺìÉ«³¤ÉþÉÏÎŵ½ÁËʱ¼ä±¦Ê¯ÄÜÁ¿µÄζµÀ
ÊÇ˹ÌØÀ¼Ææ
ÔÚÕâ¸öʱºò
˹ÌØÀ¼ÆæÓÖ³öÊÖÀ´¸ãgui
Ãð°ÔÊÖÖÐ×ÏÉ«µÄÄÜÁ¿¹âÊø˲¼ä¾Í¼¤Éä¶ø³ö
ºÝºÝµÄײÔÚÁËÐɺìÉ«³¤ÉþÉíÉÏ
½«ËüÖ±½ÓײÁË¿ªÀ´
¶øÏÂÒ»¿Ì
½ðÉ«µÄÎÞÏÞÈÌ×ÒѾºÍ·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×µÄÈÍ·ºÝºÝµÄײÔÚÁËÒ»Æð
È»¶ø¾ÍÔÚÕâһ˲¼ä
Ãð°Ô×óÊÖͻȻ¸Ð¾õ¿Õµ´µ´µÄ
ËûµÄÈÍ·µÄÈ·ÔÒÁ˳öÈ¥
µ«ÊÇÈ´ÏñÊÇÔÒÔÚÁË°ë¿ÕÖÐÒ»Ñù
ÐéÐéµÄÍêÈ«²»ÊÜÁ¦
µ«¾ÍÔÚÕâ¸öʱºò
Ãð°ÔÃ͵ĸоõµ½×Ô¼ºµÄÊÖÍó±»Ö±½Ó¿¨×¡ÁË
²»
׼ȷµÄÀ´Ëµ
ÊÇÃð°ÔµÄÎÞÏÞÊÖÌ×±»·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×µÄÈÌ×Ö±½ÓÌ×Á˽øÈ¥
È»ºóËÀËÀµÄ¿¨×¡ÁË
·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×±¾ÉíµÄÓÃ;¾ÍÊÇÓÃÀ´¶Ô¸¶Ç¿´óµÄºÆ¿ËµÄ
Ò»µ©ºÆ¿Ë·¢·è
¼´±ãÊÇ˹Ëþ¿ËÉí´¦ÔÚÍòÀïÖ®Íâ
Ò²¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýά¶àÄῨֱ½ÓͶ·Å·´ºÆ¿Ë×éºÏÕ½¼×
ͨ¹ýÔ¶³ÌÀ´Ò
ØÕ½¼×¶Ô¸¶·¢·èµÄºÆ¿Ë
µ±È»
½ü¾àÀë¸üÄÜ·¢»Ó×÷ÓÃ
ÔÚÍß¿²´ïÒ»Õ½
²¼Â³Ë¹¡¤°àÄÉÒѾÍêÈ«Ã÷°×ÁË·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×µÄÕýÈ·Ó÷¨
ÄǾÍÊÇÓÃÀ´À§ËøÇ¿´óµÄµÐÈË
¶øËû¸Õ¸ÕÃ÷°×µ½ÁËÕâ¸ö·½·¨
±ãÓÃÕâ¸ö·½·¨ºÜ˳ÀûµÄɱËÀÁ˺ڰ«ÐÇ
¶øÏÖÔÚ
²¼Â³Ë¹¡¤°àÄɾÍÊÇÓÃÕâÖÖ·½·¨À´¶Ô¸¶Ãð°Ô
¶øÔÚÕâÒ»¿Ì
²»¹ÜÊÇÍжû
¿¨ÂÞ¶û
»¹ÊÇ˹Ëþ¿Ë
˹ÌØÀ¼Ææ
ÕâЩ֪µÀ˹ÌØÀ¼ÆæÃØÃܼƻ®µÄ
¶¼ÔÚ½ô¶¢×ÅÃð°Ô±»ºÆ¿Ë°ü¹ü×ŵÄÎÞÏÞÈÌ×
Ãð°ÔÔÚ×Ô¼ºµÄÎÞÏÞÈÌ×±»ËøסµÄһ˲¼ä
Õû¸öÈËüÑÛ¶¼ÊúÁËÆðÀ´
ÊÖÀïµÄÁ½Èе¶ÍêÈ«²»¹ËÁ½²àµÄÐÇÔƺͿÒÁÀ
Ö»ÊǺݺݵÄÔÒÔÚÁË·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×µÄÁíÍâÒ»Ö»ÈÍ·ÉÏ
ÊÔͼҪ½«·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×¸øÖ±½ÓÅüËé
Èç¹ûÊÇ»»×ö֮ǰµÄ·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×
˵²»¶¨Ãð°ÔÕæµÄ³É¹¦ÁË
µ«ÊÇÏÖÔÚ
·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×¹Øϵµ½ÁËÕû¸ö¼Æ»®ÊÇ·ñÄܹ»Ë³ÀûµÄ½øÐÐÏÂÈ¥
ËùÒÔÔÚ²Îս֮ǰ
˹Ëþ¿ËºÍ˹ÌØÀ¼Ææ¾ÍÇ°ÍùÍß¿²´ïÕÒºÚ±ªÒªÁËÒ»´ó¿éÕñ½ð
Èç¹û˵ÊÇÆäËûʱºò
ºÚ±ª»òÐí»¹»áÓÌÔ¥
µ«ÊÇÔÚÏÖÔÚÕâ¸öʱ¿Ì
ÔÚ¶Ô¶Ô¸¶Ãð°ÔµÄ¹Ø¼üʱºò
ºÚ±ª¹û¶ÏµÄÄóöÁËÒ»È˸ߵÄÒ»¿éÕñ½ð
¶øËûΨһÌá³öµÄÌõ¼þ
¾ÍÊÇÏëÖªµÀÕâ¿éÕñ½ðµÄÕæÕý×÷ÓÃ
²¢ÇÒÏ£ÍûËûµÄÃÃÃÃËÕÜǹ«Ö÷Äܹ»²ÎÓëµ½Õâ¿éÕñ½ðµÄÖÆ×÷ºÍ¸ÄÔì¹ý³Ìµ±ÖÐ
¶ø¶Ô´Ë
˹ÌØÀ¼ÆæºÁ²»ÓÌÔ¥µÄÑ¡ÔñÁË´ðÓ¦
ÄÇô´óµÄÒ»¿éÕñ½ðÔʯ
×ã¹»´òÔìÒ»¸öÍêÈ«ÓÐÕñ½ðÖÆ×÷µÄ·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×
ÖÁÓÚºÚ±ªÊÇ·ñÓбðµÄÐÄ˼
ÄǾͲ»ÊÇ˹ÌØÀ¼¼®ËùÐèÒª¹ØÐĵÄÁË
ËûΨһÐèҪȷ¶¨µÄ
¾ÍÊÇÕû¸ö·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×Éϲ»±»ÈË×öÈκεÄÊÖ½Å
¶øÔÚħ·¨²à
˹ÌØÀ¼ÆæÓµÓÐ×ã¹»µÄ»°ÓïȨ
ÖÁÓڿƼ¼²à
¾¡¹ÜÍß¿²´ïµÄ¿Æ¼¼Òì³£ÏȽø
µ«ÊÇÔÚ˹Ëþ¿ËºÍ»ð¼ýä½ÐÜÕâÁ½Î»¶¥¼¶µÄ»úе´óʦÃæÇ°
ÍêÈ«ÊǸöЦ»°
¸üºÎ¿ö·´ºÆ¿ËÕ½¼×±¾Éí¾ÍÒѾ±»ÖÆ×÷³É¹¦ÁË
¶øÕâÒ»´ÎÖ»²»¹ýÊÇÐèÒªÓÃÕñ½ð×÷Ϊ²ÄÁÏÖØÐÂÖÆ×÷Ò»±é
²¢ÇÒÔÚÀïÃæ¼ÓÈëÁËÉý¼¶¸ÄÔìºóеijÌÐò
ÔÚ¼ì²éÁËÎÞÊý±éÖ®ºó
²Å½»µ½Á˲¼Â³Ë¹¡¤°àÄɵÄÊÖÀï
˵
https://www.yanqingzhan.net
СÌáʾ£º¿ÉÒÔʹÓüüÅÌ¿ì½Ý·Ò³£¬ÉÏÒ»Õ£¨¡û£© ÏÂÒ»Õ£¨¡ú£©
ÉÏÒ»ÕÂ
|
±¾ÊéĿ¼
|
¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©
|
ÏÂÒ»ÕÂ