ÑÔÇéÕ¾-ÑÔÇéС˵վ
С˵վÊ×Ò³
×î½ü¸üÐÂ
µã»÷ÅÅÐаñ
ÍƼöÅÅÐаñ
ÊÕ²ØÅÅÐаñ
×ÖÊýÅÅÐаñ
È«±¾Ð¡Ëµ
[
]
×ܲôóÈË£¬100·Ö³è£¡
[
¹Å´úÑÔÇé
]
Ç×±øÊÇÅ®ÍÞ£º¹Õ¸ö½«¾ü×ö·ò¾ý
[
]
ͨÁéÉÙÅ®£ºÑýÄõÀϹ«ÉÏÎÒÉí
[
]
¿ì´©£ºÅÚ»ÒÅ®ÅäÄæÏ®
[
¶¼ÊÐÑÔÇé
]
1ºÅ¾ü³è£ºÊ׳¤£¬ºÃÉúÃÍ£¡
[
¶¼ÊÐÑÔÇé
]
ÖØÉú°ËÁãÄ꣺±øÍõµÄÒìÄÜϱ¸¾
[
]
ÃÈϵСÌðÆÞ£ºµÛÉÙ£¬ÍæÐÄÌø
[
¶¼ÊÐÑÔÇé
]
ÖØÉú¿Õ¼ä£ºÊ׳¤µÄ¾üҽϱ¸¾
¾ø´úÐþ×ð
ÑÔÇéС˵վÊ×Ò³
>
ÆäËûÀà±ð
>
¾ø´úÐþ×ð
>
Ŀ¼
Õ½ÚĿ¼ µÚ1870Õ ¿ªÂ(µÚ1Ò³/¹²2Ò³)
ÎÄ /
ØýÃû
ÑÔ|Çé|С|˵|°É
Õâ²»ÊÇаÁéÖ®³æËù±ä»¯µÄ·É¼ý
¶øÊÇÇàð½µÄ¾±¼äÓðë
ÕâÊǼýÓð
ÊÇÇàð½±£ÃüµÄÎäÆ÷
ÔÚÊܵ½Ç¿´óµÄΣÏÕʱ
Çàð½¾±¼äµÄ¼ýÓð¾Í»á·ÉÉä¶ø³ö
¹¥ÏòµÐÈË
Ðþ±¦ÊµÔÚûÓÐÏëµ½Ëû¾¹È»»¹ÓÐÕâôһÕÐ
¶øÇÒÊÇÖÐÁ˳àÁúÓÍ·Ò»»÷Ö®ºó»¹ÄÜ·¢µÄ³öÀ´
ËùÒÔÍêȫûÓжã¹ý
ÉíÉÏÖмý
ºÍ³àºçÁ÷ÔÆÒ»Æð
´ÓÌì¿ÕµôÂäÏÂÀ´
¡°ÅéÅé
¡±Á½Éù
³àºçÁ÷ÔƺÍÐþ±¦Ò»Ç°Ò»ºóÈ«¶¼µôÂäÔÚɽÉÏ
¶øËæ¼´Çàð½Ò²µôÂäÏÂÀ´
¾ÍÔÚ³àºçÁ÷ÔƵÄÊ®ÕÉÖ®Íâ
¿ÚÍÂÏÊѪ
È«Éí±»Áé»ðÉյĽ¹ºÚÀ£ÀÃ
¿ÉÊÇÈ´»¹Ã»ÓÐËÀ
Ðþ±¦ºÍ³àºçÁ÷ÔÆҲûÓÐËÀ
Ö»ÊÇÉËÊƺÜÖØ
»¹ºÃÐþ±¦µÄÔ¤¸ÐÓÖ¾ÈÁËËûÒ»Ãü
Ò²¾ÈÁ˳àºçÁ÷ÔÆ
ÏÖÔÚÐþ±¦µÄÐØ¿ÚûÊÂ
¼ýÓð±»ÒѾ´©ÉϵÄÕ½¼×¸øµ²×¡ÁË
¿ÉÊǸ¹²¿È´ÖÐÁËÁ½¼ý
Ë«ÍÈÉϸö²åÁËÒ»¼ý
¶ø³àºçÁ÷ÔÆÒòΪÉíÐεÄÔÒò
ÖÐÁËÈý¼ý
²»¹ýÁ½¼ý²åÔÚ¹ê¼×ÉÏ
²¢²»Éî
Ö»ÓÐÒ»¼ý
ÕýÖÐÄÔ´üÖмä
ÕâÒ²Êǹê¼×»¹Ã»ÓÐÀ´µÃ¼°¸²¸ÇµÄ·ì϶
Çàð½Ö»°¤ÁËÒ»½£
½£»¯³àÁú
¾ÍºÝºÝµÄ´ÌÈëÁËËûµÄÄÔ´üÀïÃæ
Ö»ÊÇÒ»¸öССµÄÉË¿Ú
Æ䱡ÈçÖ½
³¤²»¹ýÁ½´ç
¿ÉÊÇÇàð½ÖªµÀ×Ô¼ºÒªÍêÁË
ËûµÄÄÔ×ÓÀﶼÔÚ·ÙÉÕ
ÄÇÒ»¹ÉÎÞÆ¥µÄÁé»ð
»áÏÈÉÕÀÃËûµÄÄÔ´ü
È»ºóÑØמÂöÉÕ¹âËûµÄ½î¹ÇÐĵ¤
Ö»ÁôÏÂÒ»ÕÅ¿ÕƤ
¡°Ï๫
¡±ÖÚŮȫ¶¼ÅܹýÀ´
ΧÔÚÁËÐþ±¦µÄÉí±ß
СÒð³ÁÉù¶ÔÖÚŮ˵£º¡°²»Òª¶¯Ëû
ÏÈÉ¢¿ª
ÈýÃÃ
ÆßÃÃ
ÄãÃÇÈ¥³àºçÁ÷ÔÆÄDZß
ÏȲ鿴ÉËÊÆ
Èç¹û²»ÄÜÈ·¶¨ÉËÊÆ
¾Í²»Òª¶¯¼ý
¡±
¡°ÊÇ
¡±µ¤ÄïºÍĪСµ¶ÆëÉù´ðÓ¦ÁËÒ»Éù
Ç¿ÈÌ×ŶÔÐþ±¦µÄ¹ØÐÄ
×ßµ½Á˳àºçÁ÷ÔƵÄÉí±ß
²é¿´ÉËÊÆ
СÒð¶×ÔÚÐþ±¦µÄÉíÅÔ
ÉîÎüÁËÒ»¿ÚÆø
¼ì²é×ÅÄDzåÔÚÐþ±¦ÉíÉϵÄËÄÖ§¼ý
ËÉÁËÒ»¿ÚÆø˵£º¡°»¹ºÃûÓжԾÂöÔì³ÉÌ«´óµÄÉ˺¦
Ö»²»¹ý¼ýÉÏÓÐаÁé
°ÎÏÂÀ´Ö®ºóÒ²Òª³¤Ê±¼äµÄÐÞÑø
Ï๫
ÈÌסÁË
¡±
±ð¿´Ð¡Òðƽʱһ¸±ÈáÈáÈõÈõµÄÑù×Ó
¿ÉÊÇÔÚÕâ¸öʱºòÈ´·Ç³£µÄ¹û¸Ò¸ÉÁ·
³öÊָɴàÀûË÷
¾ø²»ÍÏÄà´øË®
ËÄÖ§¼ý¼¸ºõÔÚÕ£Ñ۵Ŧ·ò¾Í±»Ëý°ÎÁËÏÂÀ´
ÂíÉϾÍÔÚÉË¿ÚÉÏ·óÉÏÁ˼«Æ·½ð´¯Ò©¸à
ÆÕͨµÄÒ©Îï¶ÔÐþ±¦¸ù±¾²»¹ÜÓÃ
ËùÒÔСÒðµÄÒ©ÎﶼÊÇ·ÖÆ·éóµÄ
ÏñÐþ±¦ËùÓõÄÒ©Îï
¾ÍÊÇһЩ·Ç³£ÄÑÒÔ¼ûµ½µÄÒ©²ÝÄëÖƶø³É
²»¹ýËäÈ»Õä¹ó
ȴδ±Ø¶Ô±ðµÄÈ˹ÜÓÃ
²»¹ý¶ÔÐþ±¦È´ÊǶÔÖ¢
¸Õ¸Õ´¦ÀíºÃÐþ±¦µÄÉËÊÆ
ÄDZߵĵ¤Äï´ó½Ð£º¡°´ó½ã
ÄãÀ´¿´¿´
³àºçÁ÷ÔƵÄÉËÊƺÜÖØ
ÎÒÃDz»¸Ò¶¯
¡±
СÒð¸Ï½ô×ß¹ýÈ¥
Ö»¼û³àºçÁ÷ÔÆÌÉÔÚµØÉÏ
¹ê¼×ÉϵļýÒѾ±»°Îµô
²¢Ã»ÓÐʲô´ó°
Ö»ÊÇÉäÈëÄÔ´üÕýÖеÄÄÇÒ»¼ý
ÊÇ×îΣÏÕµÄ
ÄÔ´üÖмý
ÄÜ»îÏÂÀ´µÄ»ú»áʵÔÚÊÇÌ«ÃìãÁË
¡°´ó½ã¡¾È¾ÈËû°É¡Ï๫²»»áÈÃËû³öʵġ¡±ÄªÐ¡µ¶ÓÐЩßìÑʵĿ´×ÅСÒð
ÅԱߵĵ¤ÄïÇ¿ÒÖ±¯ÉË
¶ÔËýºÇ³âÁËÒ»Éù£º¡°´ó½ãÈç¹ûÓа취
µ±È»»á³öÊÖ
Óò»×ÅÎÒÃÇÀ´ÇóÇé
¾ÍËã²»ÊÇÒòΪÏ๫
³àºçÁ÷ÔÆÒ²ÊÇÔÛÃǵĺÃÐÖµÜ
ËÒ²²»Ô¸Òâ¿´µ½Ëû³öÊÂ
¡±
òÔ¶ù×ß¹ýÀ´
Ãþ×ųàºçÁ÷ÔƵÄÄÔ´ü
ÇáÉù¶ÔËû˵£º¡°°½¿¥
³Å×
¡¼ÇµÃÄãÉíÉÏÓÐÎÒÃÇÁú×åµÄѪҺ
ÏëËÀ²»ÊÇÄÇôÈÝÒ×µÄ
¡±
³àºçÁ÷ÔÆÏëÆðÀ´
¿ÉÊÇÕõÁËÁ½ÏÂ
È´»¹ÊÇûÄܶ¯ÄÔ
ÕâÒ»¼ýÈëÄԾ͹»¿ÉŵÄÁË
Óð¼ýÉÏ»¹ÓÐаÁé
¾Í¸ü¼Ó¿ÉÅÂÁË
СÒð¶×ÔÚÁ˳àºçÁ÷ÔƵÄÉíÅÔ
ÇáÇáµÄ½«×Ô¼ºµÄÊÖ
·ÅÔÚÁ˳àºçÁ÷ÔƵÄÄÔ´üÉÏ
È»ºó»º»º±ÕÉÏÁËÑÛ¾¦
ÅԱߵĵûÐù¸ÕÏ뿪¿Ú½²»°
µ¤ÄïÀÁËËýÒ»°Ñ
ÇáÇáÒ¡Í·
µûÐùÒ²¾Í±ÕÉÏÁË×ì°Í
¹ýÁËÒ»»á
СÒðÕö¿ªÁËÑÛ¾¦
ÓÐЩºóŵÄҡҡͷ˵£º¡°ÐÒ¿÷ÉäµÄ×¼
·ñÔòÉñÏÉÄѾÈ
¡±
ÉäµÄ×¼
ÉñÏÉÄѾÈ
ÖÚÈ˶¼±»Ð¡ÒðµÄ»°¸øÌýºýÍ¿ÁË
СÒðÒ²²»½âÊÍ
¶ÔÂÌÖé˵£º¡°Ê®ÎåÃÃ
ÎÒÐèÒªÁÒ¾Æ
Ô½ÁÒÔ½ºÃ
Ò»ÖѾ͹»ÁË
¡±
¡°ºÃ
¡±ÂÌÖéµãµãÍ·
ÂíÉÏ´Ó»³ÀïÌͳöÁËÒ»¸öС°ü¹ü
ÀïÃæÓÖÒ»¸ö¸öµÄ¸üСµÄ°ü¹ü
»¹ÓÐÒ»¸öÆ¿×Ó
Õâ¾ÍÊÇÎåÔ̱¦ÖÑ
¶øСÒðËù˵µÄÒ»ÖÑ
¾ÍÊÇÕâÎåÔ̱¦ÖÑÕâô´óµÄÆ¿×Ó
¶øÄÇЩС°ü¹üÀïÃæ
¶¼ÊǸ÷ÖÖÔÓÁ¸
»¹ÓÐһЩÊÇÖ²ÎïµÄ¹ûʵ
ÂÌÖé¾Í´ÓÔÓÁ¸ÀïÌô³öÁËһЩµ¹ÈëÁ˱¦ÖÑ
È»ºó¶ÔòÔ¶ù˵£º¡°Ê®½ã
Ë®
¡±
òÔ¶ùºÁ²»ÓÌÔ¥µÄ¶Ô×ÅÎåÔ̱¦ÖÑͳöÁËÒ»¿ÚË®
ÕâÊÇÔ½çÀïµÄÔË®
òÔ¶ùƽʱ¾Í»áºÈϲ»ÉÙ
¾ÍÁôÔÚ¶Ç×ÓÀﱸÓÃ
ËýµÄÉñ¼¼¾ÍÊÇÓùË®Êõ
±¾ÉíÓÖÊÇÕæÁú
ËùÒÔÌåÄÚ²ØˮҲËã²»ÉÏʲôÄÑÊÂ
Ëæ×ÅÂÌÖéË«ÊÖ²»Í£µÄÔÚÎåÔ̱¦ÖÑÍâÃæĦ²Á
¶ø±¦ÖÑÒ²ÊǺöÃ÷ºö°µ
΢΢»¹ÓÐë³ëµÖ®ÆøÔÚÉýÌÚ
¹ýÁËÒ»»á
ÂÌÖé¶ÔСÒð˵£º¡°´ó½ã
¿ÉÒÔÁË
¡±
´ËʱµÄСÒðÒѾ°Ú³öÁËÒ»¸ö½õºÐ
ºÐ×ÓÀïÓÐÕëÒ²Óе¶
СÒð°ÑÒøÕëÒ»¸ù¸ùµÄ²åÔÚ³àºçÁ÷ÔƵÄÍ·ÉÏ
³àºçÁ÷ÔƵÄË«ÑÛ¿ªÊ¼»ÁÉ¢
СÒð¸§Ãþ×ųàºçÁ÷ÔƵÄÍ·
ÇáÉù¶ÔËû˵£º¡°ÕÅ¿ª×ì°Í
ºÈÏÂÕâЩ¾Æ
ºÃºÃµÄ˯һ¾õ
²»ÓÃÈ¥Àí»á±ðµÄ
ÐÑÀ´Ö®ºó
ʲôʶ¼Ã»ÓÐÁË
¡±
³àºçÁ÷ÔÆ˳´ÓµÄÕÅ¿ªÁË×ì°Í
ÂÌÖéÁ¬Ã¦½«ÊÖÖеľƵ¹½øÁËËûµÄ¿ÚÖÐ
³àºçÁ÷ÔƲ»»áºÈ¾Æ
https://www.yanqingzhan.net
СÌáʾ£º¿ÉÒÔʹÓüüÅÌ¿ì½Ý·Ò³£¬ÉÏÒ»Õ£¨¡û£© ÏÂÒ»Õ£¨¡ú£©
ÉÏÒ»ÕÂ
|
±¾ÊéĿ¼
|
¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©
|
ÏÂÒ»ÕÂ